Technical Diagrams

Steering

System Overview

Most of us have little understanding of how the steering system of a vehicle works, except that when you turn the steering wheel the vehicle responds by moving in the direction you want to go.

The steering system consists of a series of linkages and gears that connect the driver to the wheels. There are two types of steering systems, parallelogram and rack-and-pinion.

Today most vehicles have some degree of power assistance, which consists of a fluid reservoir and pump run by a belt.

The parallelogram steering system consists of a steering gearbox, pitman arm, relay arm and inner and outer tie rod-ends. The rack-and-pinion system differs from parallelogram as it eliminates the pitman arm, relay rod and idler arm.

Over time steering system components do wear out.

Warning Signs

• Is it hard to steer? This could indicate the steering linkage needs lubrication or is damaged, or there is a problem with the power steering unit.
• Does the steering feel loose? This could mean that steering linkage parts are worn and should be replaced.
• Does your vehicle pull to one side? This could indicate worn steering or linkage parts, the tires are not at the same pressure, wheels are out of alignment or the brakes are dragging.
• Does the steering wheel jerk when you turn it? This could indicate a loose steering belt, the power steering fluid is low or there is a problem with the steering pump.
• Does your steering wheel vibrate? This could indicate the tires need balancing or worn steering parts.

If your vehicle is hard to steer, there is a vibration or a jerking sensation in the steering wheel a Speedy Auto Service specialist can help explain. One of our trained technicians will inspect your steering system and show you what's right and what's wrong.